Members of the House of La Trémoille, were part of an old French family which derives its name from a village (the modern La Trimouille) in the department of Vienne.
The family has been known since the middle of the 11th century, and since the 14th century its members have been conspicuous in French history. To this family belonged the lines of the counts of Joigny, the marquises of Royan and counts of Olonne, and the marquises and dukes of Noirmoutier.
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Anne de Laval (23 September 1505, Vitré - 1554, Craon), titular Princess of Tarento, was a French noblewoman and nominal pretender to the Kingdom of Naples. She was the daughter of Guy XVI, Count of Laval, and of Charlotte of Aragon, Princess of Taranto.[1] She was the only child of Charlotte to marry and leave heirs, thereby keeping alive in her descendants the claim of the exiled king, Federigo IV, to Naples. On 23 January 1521 she married François de la Trémoïlle, vicomte de Thouars.[1] The marriage not only brought the La Trémoïlles the countship of Laval and the Neapolitan claim in 1521, but also the rank of princes étrangers at the French court.[2]
Her eldest son, Louis III de La Trémoille, became the first duc de Thouars in 1599, while her second son, Georges, and third son, Claude, founded the cadet branches of the marquises de Royan and the ducs de Noirmoutier, respectively.[3]
Louis Jean Marie de La Trémoïlle (8 February 1910–9 December 1933), prince and 12th duc de La Trémoïlle, 13th duc de Thouars and premier duke of France, 13th prince de Tarente and 17th prince de Talmond,[4] was the only son and heir of Louis Charles de La Trémoïlle, 12th duc de Thouars and 12th Prince of Taranto. As such he was the last male of the original House of La Trémoïlle. He died childless in Whitchurch, Hampshire, England, at the age of 23.[5]
Although the 1944 Almanach de Gotha states that his successor as 14th duchesse de Thouars was the eldest of his four sisters, Princess Charlotte ((1892-1971),[4] the Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels of 1991 refrains from doing so,[6] and a 1959 ruling of the French courts declared that hereditary titles may only be transmitted "male-to-male" in "modern law".[7] (The original grant of the dukedom, in July 1563 by Charles IX, stipulated that it was heritable by both male and female successors, although when erected into a pairie by King Henri le Grand in 1599, the letters patent restricted succession to the peerage to male heirs,[8] restrictions which are inapplicable to the title of pretence, Prince of Taranto, traditionally borne by the representative heir to the historical throne of Naples, which was heritable in the female line). His nephew, Jean Charles Lamoral, as the only son of his eldest sister had de La Trémoïlle appended to his own princely surname in the Kingdom of Belgium as "Prince de Ligne de La Trémoïlle" on 20 December 1934,[6] and his only son, Jean Charles, bears the same title and name.[6]
Viscounts of Thouars (elevated to duke 1563), Princes of Talmont, etc.